關(guān)于考研英語的難句突破
1998 Passage 4
17. Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition,as population growth in the Northeast and Midwestreaches a near standstill.
【譯文】 1980年美國(guó)人口普查表明,隨著東北部和中西部人口增長(zhǎng)近乎停止,地區(qū)間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來越激烈。
【析句】 這是主從復(fù)合句,逗號(hào)前面是主句,是個(gè)倒裝句,主干結(jié)構(gòu)其實(shí)是The picture is emerging from the 1980 census。of a nation developing more and more regional competition是定語,修飾the picture。as引導(dǎo)的從句(as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill)表示伴隨。
【講詞】 picture除了“圖像”以外,還可表示“情形”等,具體什么意思要看句子的表述。記住幾個(gè)與picture有關(guān)的詞組,如:come/step into the picture(引人注意,處于顯要地位,成為其中一部分),not in the picture(不合適,不相干的,被拋棄,被拒絕,沒有贏的希望)=out of the picture(不合適,不相干的,被拋棄,被拒絕,沒有贏的希望),put/keep sb. in the picture(把基本情況告訴某人)。
18. This development—and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead—has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.
【譯文】 這一發(fā)展——以及其對(duì)今后幾年美國(guó)政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)的強(qiáng)大影響——在美國(guó)人口普查史上第一次確定南部是人口最密集的地區(qū)。
【析句】 句子的主干是This development… has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region。破折號(hào)之間成分是對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。for the first time in the history是全句的狀語。
【講詞】 enthrone意為“登基;加冕”,在句中的意思是“正式確定為”或“成為”。“Ten years ago I was enthroned as the reincarnation of the 10th Panchen Lama,” the 11th Panchen Lama told the crowd.(十一世班禪告訴人群:“十年前我被正式確定為第十世班禪的轉(zhuǎn)世靈童!保
head counting是census(人口普查)的通俗說法。
19. Often they choose—and still are choosing—somewhat colder climates such asOregon,IdahoandAlaskain order to escape smog, rime and other plagues of urbanization in theGoldenState.
【譯文】 他們常常選擇——現(xiàn)在依然這樣選擇——一些氣候較冷的地區(qū),如俄勒岡、愛達(dá)荷和阿拉斯加,為的`是躲開“金州”(加利福尼亞)的煙霧、犯罪和其他在城市化進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的問題。
【析句】 這是一個(gè)單句,其主干結(jié)構(gòu)為They choose… and are choosing colder climates。破折號(hào)之間的成分是補(bǔ)充謂語成分。such as Oregon,Idaho and Alaska是 somewhat colder climates的同位語,注意climates在句中并不是“氣候”的意思,而是指“地區(qū)”。in order to escape smog,crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State作目的。
【講詞】 plague作名詞時(shí)表示“瘟疫,麻煩,苦惱,災(zāi)禍”,作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“折磨,使苦惱,使得災(zāi)禍”。Health officials feared a dread plague was in the making.(衛(wèi)生官員擔(dān)心一種可怕的瘟疫正在形成。)Could the bird flu be the plague of our century?(禽流感會(huì)成為我們這個(gè)世紀(jì)的瘟疫嗎?)For years,the country has been plagued by violence.(多年來這個(gè)國(guó)家一直受到暴力的困擾。)
20.As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s,to 18.5 percent—little more than two瞭hirds the 1960s' growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.
【譯文】 因此,加利福利尼的人口增長(zhǎng)率在70年代降到185%,僅略高于60年代增長(zhǎng)率的三分之二,但大大低于西部其他各州。
【析句】 注意dropped to 18.5%意為下降到18.5%,而不是下降了18.5% (dropped by 18.5%)。two thirds the 1960's growth figure表示是60年代生長(zhǎng)率的三分之二。
【講詞】 considerable意為“相當(dāng)?shù)摹,considerably意為“相當(dāng)?shù)亍薄he death toll could rise considerably as more information comes in from the area hit by the earthquake.(地震災(zāi)區(qū)傳來的更多信息顯示,死亡人數(shù)可能會(huì)大幅上升。)
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