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小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法對(duì)很多學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)也是一個(gè)難題，下面是CN人才小編為大家收集整理的小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法習(xí)題相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，歡迎閱讀。
一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children ，foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ，fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)
I _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹
1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成
1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。
2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如： We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化
1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。
否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：
I don't like bread.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：
He doesn't often play.
一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。
如：
- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?
動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:
一、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ___ _
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句) ___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) ___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)
______________________________________________
_____
五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)
Is your brother speak English? ________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? ________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.
3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing?
但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：
疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?
動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：
一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：
The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)
______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.I’m playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))
_________________________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))
四、將來(lái)時(shí)
一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be going to + do; ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this
afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。
1. 問(wèn)人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 問(wèn)干什么。What „ do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同義句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I
will go swimming tomorrow.
練習(xí)： 填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎?是，她要去買一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6.I’ll go and join them.(改否定) I _______ go ______ join them.
7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑問(wèn)句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑問(wèn)句)
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9.She is going to listen to music after school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow
延伸閱讀：小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法時(shí)間介詞要點(diǎn)
1.at
表示時(shí)間概念的某一個(gè)點(diǎn)。(在某時(shí)刻、時(shí)間、階段等)。
at 1：00(dawn，midnight，noon)在一點(diǎn)鐘(黎明、午夜、中午)
these are our chief tasks at the present stage.這些就是我們現(xiàn)階段的主要任務(wù)。
2.on
1)表示具體日期。
they arrived in shanghai on may
他們?cè)谖逶露迦盏竭_(dá)上海。
注：(1)關(guān)于"在周末"的幾種表示法：
at(on)the weekend?在周末---特指
at(on)weekends?在周末---泛指
over the weekend?在整個(gè)周末
during the weekend?在周末期間
(2)在圣誕節(jié)，應(yīng)說(shuō)"at christmas而不說(shuō)"on christmas
2)在(剛……)的時(shí)候。
on reaching the city he called up his parents.一到城里他就給父母打了一個(gè)電話。
3.in
1)表示"時(shí)段"、"時(shí)期"，在多數(shù)情況下可以和dur- ing互換，前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)。 in(during)1988(december，the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀(jì))
i returned to beijing in the middle of june.我是六月中回北京的。 但如果表示"在某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的期間"，則只能用during。
during my military service(the trip)在我服役期間(在旅行期間)
?2)表示以說(shuō)話時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)的"(若干時(shí)間)以后"，常用作將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如這時(shí)要表示"(若干時(shí)間)內(nèi)"，常用within。
比較：
the meeting will end in 30?minutes.(三十分鐘后)會(huì)議三十分鐘后結(jié)束。
can you finish it within 30?minutes?(三十分鐘內(nèi))你能在三十分鐘之內(nèi)完成這件事嗎?
但在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中，in可用于表"在若干時(shí)間以內(nèi)"，這時(shí)不要誤用during。 the job was done during a week.(wrong)
the job was done in a week.(right)這工作在一星期內(nèi)就完成了。
4.after
表示"在(某具體時(shí)間)以后"，注意不要和in的2)意混淆。
??after supper(8?o’clock，the war)晚飯(八點(diǎn)、戰(zhàn))后 比較：he will be back in two hours.他將在兩個(gè)小時(shí)以后回來(lái)。
he returned to?his hometown after the war.戰(zhàn)后他回到了故鄉(xiāng)。
5.for
表示"(動(dòng)作延續(xù))若干時(shí)間"，有時(shí)可省略。 i stayed in london(for)two days on my way to new york.在去紐約的途中，我在倫敦呆了兩天。
6.since
表示"自(某具體時(shí)間)以來(lái)"，常用作完成時(shí)態(tài)謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
since liberation(1980)自從解放(1980年)以來(lái) they have been close friends since childhood.他們從小就是好朋友。 注：
(1)since the war是指"自從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束以來(lái)"，若指"自從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開(kāi)始以來(lái)"，須說(shuō)"since the beginning of the war"。
(2)不要將since與after混淆。 比較：he has worked here since 1965.(指一段時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間段)自從1965年以來(lái)，他一直在這兒工作。 he began to work here after 1965.(指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間點(diǎn))從1965年以后，他開(kāi)始在這兒工作。
7.by
表示"到……的時(shí)候"，其謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法：動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞常用完成時(shí)態(tài);狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞(be)常用一般時(shí)態(tài)。
比較：
by noon，everybody had(will have)arrived there. by noon，everybody were(will be)there. 到中午的時(shí)候，大家都(將)到那兒了。 以上探討了介詞表示時(shí)間概念時(shí)的用法和比較，上述介詞除表示時(shí)間概念外還有其他的用法，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者必須掌握其各種用法，才能靈活運(yùn)用，提高自己的語(yǔ)言能力。
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