英語(yǔ)演講技巧
演講的四個(gè)目標(biāo)
l 提供信息
To offer information;
l 使聽(tīng)眾感到樂(lè)趣
To entertain the audience;
l 動(dòng)之以情
To touch emotions;
l 使聽(tīng)眾行動(dòng)起來(lái)
To move to action;
演講切忌
1. 語(yǔ)速太快; Talking too rapidly;
2. 聲音單調(diào); Speaking in monotone;
3. 聲音尖細(xì); Using too high a vocal pitch;
4. 談得太多，說(shuō)得太少;
Talking and not saying much;
5. 感情不充分;
Presenting without enough emotion or passion;
6. 對(duì)觀眾采取一種居高臨下的姿態(tài);
Talking down to the audience;
7. 夸張的詞語(yǔ)使用得太多;
Using too many "big" words;
8. 使用抽象概念而不給出事例加以說(shuō)明;
Using abstractions without giving concrete examples
9. 使用別人不熟悉的技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ);
Using unfamiliar technical jargon;
10. 使用俚語(yǔ)或粗俗語(yǔ);
Using slang or profanity;
11. 演講無(wú)組織，散亂無(wú)序;
Disorganized and rambling performance;
12. 說(shuō)話繞彎子，不切中主題
Indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush;
怎樣與聽(tīng)眾交流
l 要有值得交流的觀點(diǎn);
A message worth communicating;
l 引起聽(tīng)眾的注意：抓住他們的興趣并贏得信任;
Gain the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;
l 重視理解;
Emphasize understanding;
l 獲得反饋;
Obtain their feedback;
l 注意聲調(diào)，要有感情;
Watch your emotional tone;
l 說(shuō)服聽(tīng)眾;
Persuade the audience;
怎樣變得自信
l 微笑并看著觀眾
Smile and glance at the audience;
l 開(kāi)始發(fā)言時(shí)要慢一點(diǎn)，身體保持昂首挺胸的姿態(tài)
Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;
l 開(kāi)場(chǎng)白說(shuō)一些真誠(chéng)話
Open your speech by saying something very frankly;
l 穿上自己最好的衣服
Wear your very best clothes;
l 對(duì)自己說(shuō)一些積極的話
Say something positive to / about yourself
怎樣組織演講
l 要有一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)：可以分一二三點(diǎn);可以從地理上分東南西北;比較與對(duì)比;我方與他方;正面與反面;
To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
l 將材料歸類整理，如笑話、趣事、名人名言、有趣的數(shù)據(jù)
To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
l 使用卡片;
To use note cards;
怎樣使用卡片
l 在卡片的右上角標(biāo)上數(shù)字;
Number your cards on the top right;
l 在第一張和最后一張上寫(xiě)上完整的句子;
l Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card;
l 其他卡片上最多只能寫(xiě)五個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞;
l Write up to five key words on other cards;
l 用顏色來(lái)標(biāo)記你想強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞;
l Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
l 在某一處提醒自己查看時(shí)間。
l Remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time.
演講指南
l 預(yù)先計(jì)劃好
Plan well in advance.
l 保證自己充分了解在活動(dòng)中的角色
Make sure you fully understand your role in the program.
l 認(rèn)真地構(gòu)思演講，使其結(jié)構(gòu)符合邏輯
Devote care to structuring your speech logically.
l 認(rèn)真設(shè)定適當(dāng)?shù)幕{(diào)
Devote care to setting the proper tone.
如何開(kāi)頭
l 講個(gè)(自己的)故事
To tell a story (about yourself).
l 對(duì)大家能夠聚在一起表示感謝
To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering.
l 稱贊一下聽(tīng)眾
To pay the listeners a compliment.
l 引用名人名言
To quote
l 使用一些不平常的數(shù)據(jù)
To use unusual statistics.
l 問(wèn)觀眾一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)性的問(wèn)題
To ask the audience a challenging question;
l 播放錄像帶或看幻燈片
To show a video or a slide.
如何結(jié)尾
l 重復(fù)你的開(kāi)頭
To repeat your opening.
l 概括你的演講
To summarize your presentation.
l 以趣事結(jié)尾
To close with an anecdote.
l 以號(hào)召行動(dòng)結(jié)尾
To end with a call to action.
l 以反問(wèn)結(jié)尾
To ask a rhetorical question.
l 以一個(gè)陳述句結(jié)尾
To make a statement.
l 展示演講大綱
To show an outline of your presentation.
眼神交流
l 眼睛慢慢地從一個(gè)移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)人，在每一個(gè)人身上停留兩到三秒鐘時(shí)間;
Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;
l 眼睛直視聽(tīng)眾，或看著他們的鼻梁或下巴
Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;
l 找到那些看起來(lái)比較友善的`聽(tīng)眾，逐次朝他們微笑;然后目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)向那些有些懷疑的聽(tīng)眾，也逐漸朝他們微笑;
Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;
l 如果你感到緊張，不妨想象聽(tīng)眾都穿著浴衣的樣子。
Imagine the audience in bathrobes in case you are nervous.
緊張的典型特征
l 手放在口袋里
Hands in pockets
l 眨眼次數(shù)過(guò)多
Increased blinking of the eyes ;
l 害怕眼神的接觸
Failure to make eye contact;
l 舔嘴唇和抿嘴唇
Licking and biting of the lips ;
l 敲叩手指
Finger tapping ;
l 手勢(shì)又急又快
Fast, jerky gestures
如何使用手勢(shì)
l 手可以指點(diǎn)著假想的物體，不要用食指指著別人;
Point at imaginary objects and don't point at others with your index finger;
l 尺寸的大小和數(shù)量的多少也可以通過(guò)兩手的擴(kuò)張和收縮來(lái)演示
Size or quantity can also easily be shown by expanding or contracting the hands;
l 手抬起并與頭成四十五度角，優(yōu)雅地用手勢(shì)表示出數(shù)字
Gracefully show your audience the appropriate number of fingers by holding your hands at a 45 degree angle from your head;
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